From wireless earbuds to electric vehicles the ubiquitous lithium battery has found its way into so many items we use daily, adding to the rapidly growing category of e-waste. However, their disposal and recycling pose significant challenges, particularly due to the risk of fires in recycling centers.

Hazards

Lithium batteries are volatile and contain a substantial amount of energy that can be released if they are damaged. This makes them a significant fire hazard, especially when they are improperly disposed of or mishandled during the recycling process.

Growing Use of Lithium Batteries

The use of lithium batteries is increasing rapidly, with many new devices – and even some marketed as disposable – relying on them for power. This can cause confusion among consumers and this growth is exacerbating the challenges associated with their safe disposal and recycling.

Embedded Batteries

Many devices have their lithium batteries embedded within the product, making them difficult to remove. Small batteries are sometimes glued in place. Care must be taken during removal to prevent damage to the battery, which could result in a dangerous release of energy.

Processing and Transporting

Processing and transporting lithium batteries safely is an expensive endeavor. Manually removing small batteries from devices that are not meant to be taken apart can cause labor costs to completely overshadow the value of the material in the device. Additional labor and special packaging materials must be used to make batteries safe to transport to lithium recyclers.

Improving the Current Situation

Despite these challenges, there are several ways we can improve:

1. Early Detection:

Thermal imaging cameras can help detect hotspots early and automatically, potentially preventing a small incident from escalating into a large-scale fire.

2. Preparation:

Having a well-thought-out plan and being prepared can significantly reduce the damage caused by a fire.

3. Improved Design:

Encouraging manufacturers to design devices in a way that makes battery removal easier and safer can help reduce the risk of damage during the recycling process.

4. Better Collection Practices:

Improving collection practices to ensure that devices with lithium batteries do not end up mixed with other materials can prevent unexpected and potentially dangerous situations in recycling centers.

5.      Better processing technologies:

Research in end-of-life management of lithium cells is increasingly searching for efficient and scalable methods of processing batteries without manually removing them from devices.

While the challenges posed by lithium batteries are significant, they are not insurmountable. With careful planning, improved practices, and the adoption of new technologies, we can create a safer and more sustainable future for battery recycling.